China has abundant river water resources, with an annual total river runoff ranking third globally, reaching an average of 2,700 billion cubic meters. However, rapid economic development has had some negative impacts on river water resources, with occasional incidents of river water pollution and eutrophication. Monitoring of 216 rivers across the seven major water systems in China, covering 503 main points, has revealed that Class I-III water quality accounts for 38%, Class IV-V accounts for 29.5%, and worse-than-Class V accounts for 32.5%. Therefore, analyzing and studying changes in river w